The human colon cancer cell lines including HCT116, DLD1, HT29, Lim2405, SW480 and LoVo were obtained from American Type Culture Collection. All colon cancer cell lines were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 10% newborn calf serum, 100 units/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Invitrogen). The anticancer chemicals used including NVP-BKM120, regorafenib (Selleckchem), and 5-fluoreuracil (5-FU, Sigma) were diluted with DMSO. Constitutively active AKT was obtained from Addgene.
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