Smartphone application

Once the microchip containing the sample is loaded into the attachment, the smartphone application records 1-s duration videos (30 fps) and processes each frame to obtain the various semen parameters. The image processing, sperm detection and tracking, and data analysis were all performed on-phone, which was running on Android 6.0. A custom Android application was developed using Android Studio. We used the sdk and ndk libraries provided with the Android development tools as well as other libraries including OpenCV (version 2.4.8) and JavaCV (version 1.1) for the image processing calculations in the smartphone application. The application was designed to process data obtained by the smartphone camera using the optical attachment. The analysis was performed in two steps: (i) processing individual frames of the recorded video and extracting coordinates of the sperm observed in the FOV and (ii) tracking the observed positions of sperm across frames by mapping their paths. We used an adaptive thresholding algorithm as part of the sperm detection method for sperm concentration and motility analysis.