Aldehyde Toxicity in Siliques

Aldehyde toxicity was determined by subjecting siliques to various aldehydes. Siliques were vacuum infiltrated with one of the following aldehydes: 1 mm acrolein, 0.25 mm HNE, 2 mm benzaldehyde or MDA, and 5 mm citral, hexanal, or 1-naphthaldehyde. The MDA solution was kept overnight at 25°C before the infiltration. Water-infiltrated siliques served as controls (mock). After the infiltration, the siliques were placed in 90-mm-diameter petri dishes on a filter paper soaked with the respective aldehydes or water (mock) under constant light. Treated siliques were photographed 12 and 24 h after aldehyde or water application. The aldehyde- or water-treated siliques were sampled 6 h after the initiation of treatment for MDA determination and the remaining chlorophyll measurement, using mock-treated siliques as a reference for each individual genotype. AAO4 protein and transcript expression as well as AAO4 activity were determined using siliques sampled 3 h after the application. The data presented are representative of at least three independent experiments with similar results.