Cell Culture

The human tumor cell lines were acquired from the American Type Culture Collection or the Fox Chase Cancer Center Cell Culture Facility. Cell line authentication was performed using short tandem repeat methodology [12]. All cell lines used in this study were confirmed to be free of mycoplasma contamination. The human lung, colorectal, liver, and prostate cancer cell lines were cultured in RPMI or McCoy's 5A medium. Human breast, glioblastoma, and neuroblastoma cell lines were maintained in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium. The ONC201/TIC10-resistant derivative of RKO colorectal cancer cells was previously described [11]. Nontumorigenic cells were cultured in Eagle's minimum essential medium. All basal media were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin solution.