Gene Ontology analysis

Drosophila melanogaster orthologs (Supplementary Table ST17) were identified using the g:ORth tool and submitted for profiling using the g:GOSt tool of g:Profiler⁶³. D. melanogaster orthologs were chosen for analysis over A. mellifera genes due to the more comprehensive reference databases available for the former. Due to the absence of orthologs for some of the genes identified, an analysis of GO term information content was conducted using the IT-GOM tool in DaGO-Fun³¹ on GO terms of A. mellifera genes identified in each population. Two approaches were applied, an annotation approach which included inferred electronic annotations, and the GO-universal topology approach.