Generation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM)

BM cells were stimulated with GM-CSF (5 ng/ml, Tonbo Biosciences, San Diego, CA) for 6 days to induce BMDC (12). On day 6, non-adherent cells were collected for gene analysis. BMDM were generated with MΦ colony-stimulating factor (10 ng/ml, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO). For generation of M2, BMDM were treated with IL-4 (10 ng/ml, Tonbo Biosciences, San Diego, CA ) and IL-13 (10 ng/ml, Tonbo Biosciences, San Diego, CA) for additional 3 days (16, 17). DNBS (0.05%, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) and 1µM dexamethasone (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) were used to stimulate cells for 16 hrs as outlined in figure legends and in text.