Detection of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) Levels

The cell supernatant was collected. The detection of SOD and MDA was performed strictly following the instructions of the total SOD assay kit with WST-8 and MDA assay kit (Beyotime). For detection of SOD, the samples were mixed with 160 µl of WST-8/enzyme working reagent and 20 µl of working solution, and were then incubated for 30 min. The absorbance data at 450 nm were recorded. The MDA-detection working fluid was added to samples for MDA measurement, and the mixture was heated in boiling water for 15 min. After a water bath, the plates were cooled to room temperature and centrifuged at 1000 g for 10 min. Supernatant was gathered and absorbance was subsequently measured at 532 nm using a Sunrise microplate reader (Tecan Austria; Grodig, Austria).