Measurement of particle size & zeta potential

The particle size of the optimized nanoparticulate formulation was determined by a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS (Worcestershire, UK) that works on the principle of dynamic light scattering. One mg of nanoparticles was suspended in 1 mL of deionized water, vortexed and then analyzed for size. The measurement was done in triplicate for blank nanoparticles and pDNA vaccine nanoparticles. The zeta potential of optimized nanoparticulate formulation was similarly determined. One mg of nanoparticles was suspended in 1 mL of deionized water and transferred to a cuvette, and measured using a Malvern Zetasizer [8].