Dietary intake

A detailed description of the dietary data collection method has been reported elsewhere⁽¹⁶⁾. Briefly, research dietitians administered a standardised diet history questionnaire at the participant’s residence to measure dietary intake between August 2010 and August 2013 (baseline nutrition) and August 2014 to July 2016 (3-year follow-up). The Sydney South West Area Health Service’s outpatient diet history form, which contains open-ended questions on food consumption at different mealtimes, was used to collect data at both time points. Diet history interviews took 45 min, during which participants were asked about their usual food consumption during the previous 3 months using standard household measures, food models and food photographs. If present during the interview, spouses/partners or other family members assisted participants to recall their dietary intake⁽²²⁾.