Study Design and Setting

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2017 at CMC in Vellore, India in conjunction with the University of Kansas. Approval was obtained from the CMC institutional review board (IRB No 10910 /17). All consecutive subjects aged between five and 80 presenting to the Ear–Nose–Throat (ENT) clinics at CMC for conventional audiometry testing were consented and recruited for subsequent portable audiometric testing. The order of testing was randomly assigned. Informed consent was obtained by the staff otolaryngologist (authors 2 and 5) in the local language. Otoscopy was done by the same otolaryngologist for presence of cerumen, which was removed if needed.