Royal Jelly and Placebo

The dosage of royal jelly was determined based on previous clinical trial dosages (1000–3000 mg/day) ^{17 - 20)} . Royal jelly was orally administered as a tablet. The royal jelly tablet is a tasteless and odorless product made from dried royal jelly and excipient with hard waterproof sugarcoating that cannot be easily crushed. The placebo was made from the same ingredients (reduced maltose syrup, cellulose, and sucrose fatty acid ester), excipients, and coating so it can have the same weight as the royal jelly tablet. The placebo has similar form and color to the royal jelly tablet; it is also tasteless and odorless. Royal jelly has 6.3 kcal per 2040 mg of fresh royal jelly (daily study dose). The compositions of fresh royal jelly were reported as follows: moisture, 66.9%; protein, 11.4%; ether extract, 6.2%; sugar, 9.1%; and ash, 0.94% ²¹⁾ . The other compositions are presented in Supplementary Table 1 .