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We included incident cases of HCC using International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, 3rd edition topography code C22.0 (liver) and restricted to histology codes 8170–8175 (HCC subtypes, excluding intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, hepatic adenoma, and metastatic lesions). Cases diagnosed between 2008 and 2017 were included. Exclusion criteria included residence outside of LAC and missing residential address (< 1% missing in LACSP). We defined late stage as American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 7th Edition stages III-IV, which includes tumors with large vessel involvement, regional or distant spread, and any unstaged cases [12].
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