3.1. Materials

Chitosan medium molecular weight (CS, 190–310 kDa, DD85%, Sigma Aldrich, Burlington, MA, USA), Sodium Tripolyphosphate (TPP, Sigma-Aldrich), Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA, Sigma Aldrich), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium—High Glucose, and Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium—F12, Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled BSA using the FITC labeling kit from Sigma Aldrich, Lysobrite Red (Cayman Chemicals, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), and Alamar Blue (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) were used. The rest of the chemicals were reagent grade. J774 cells corresponded to the mouse macrophage cell line J774A.1 and were obtained from ATCC (TIB-67). HaCaT cells were generously granted by Dr. Norbert Fusenig [46].