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Selection criteria for genetic variants

XY Xinyue Yu
TJ Tianyu Jin
LZ Luyi Zhu
SG Shunyuan Guo
BD Binbin Deng
YC Yifan Cheng
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The SNPs extracted from GWAS that are associated with iron status are genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10− 8) and independent (r2 ≤ 0.001) [20]. Then, PhenoScanner V2 (www.phenoscanner.medschl.cam.ac.uk) was used to eliminate SNPs associated with confounding factors of DN [21]. To preclude bias from weak instrumental variables, we ensured the F-statistics for each included SNP exceeded 10 [22]. The F-statistic formula is as follows, R2 = 2 × EAF × (1 − EAF) × β2, F statistic = R2 × (N − 2) / (1 − R2), where R2 represents the variance of exposed variability explained by individual IVs and N refers to the GWAS sample size of the exposure.

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