Cell viability assay

HuepG2 cells (1 × 10⁴ cells per well) and Huh7 cells (2 × 10⁴ cells per well) were seeded in 96-well plates. After culturing for 24 h, the cells were intervened at the specified time point. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) (Beyotime, Shanghai, China) was used to measure cell survival, while the Click-iT™ EdU Imaging Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Massachusetts, USA) was utilized to assess the proliferative capacity of tumor cells, following the manufacturer’s instructions.