The reliability for this data set for all higher-order values was acceptable (α > 0.6). However, the reliability for the basic values was found to be poor, and at an unacceptable level for two values (self-direction and power). The low internal reliability can be expected as few items are used to measure each of the ten values, and items for each are chosen that encapsulate the different conceptual components in order to increase the breadth of the meaning of values, rather than choosing items that have similar meanings (Schwartz 2003).
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