Aortic ring and choroidal sprouting assays were performed as described previously (19). MRM were transfected with siCtrl or siIgf1 for 48 hours. Coculture was performed with a transwell system, with the aortic/choroidal explant cultured at the bottom of the well before adding pretreated MRM to the top of the transwells. Aortic/choroidal explant sprouting was imaged using a Zeiss LSM 780 Inverted Confocal Microscope (Carl Zeiss). The sprouting area was quantified with Adobe Photoshop.
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