Participants

166 healthy volunteers (aged 18–35 years; 98 females, 6 identified as ‘other’) participated in either Experiment 1 (N=16), Experiment 2 (N=64), Experiment 3 (N=64), or Experiment 4 (N=22). In Experiments 1 and 4, all participants were right handed, as self-reported and verified with the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. The participants in Experiments 2 and 3 did not complete a handedness inventory, but 108 of them self-reported being right handed, 17 left-handed, and 3 ambidextrous. The sample size for each experiment was set to ensure good statistical power (details provided in the protocol for each experiment). The protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the University of California, Berkeley.