Biodex Dynamometer

In a subgroup of 77 subjects, peak isometric knee flexion and extension torque were assessed in newton meter (N·m) using the Biodex System 4 (Biodex Medical Systems). Subjects performed the test in a sitting position while holding the handgrips. Chair straps were used to stabilize the subjects to prevent accessory movements. The dynamometer was positioned with the lever arm immediately adjacent to the participant’s lower leg with the axis of the dynamometer aligned with the lateral condyle of the knee and flexed at a 60° angle. Peak torque of flexion and extension was measured 3 times per leg with 5 seconds of muscle contraction and 60 seconds of rest between repetitions. Consistent verbal encouragement and visual feedback on the computer monitor were given to the subjects by the examiners.