Measurement of mitochondrial respiratory complex activity

Mitochondrial respiratory complex activity was tested using mitochondrial complex I, II, III, and IV kits (Jonln, Shanghai, China), following the manufacturer’s instructions. Briefly, 10 µL sample and 200 µL working solution were sequentially added to a 96-well plate, and the optical density values initially and after 2 min were read to calculate the complex activity. The wavelengths read for complexes I, II, III, and IV were 340 nm, 605 nm, 550 nm, and 550 nm, respectively.