Western blotting analysis

The protocol used to conduct the western blotting assay are given in our previous study [39]. The concentrations of the primary antibodies were as follows: MCM2 (1:5000, 66204-1-Ig, Proteintech, China), β-actin (1:20000, 81115-1-RR, Proteintech, China), CD133 (1:3000, 66666-1-Ig, Proteintech, China), Bmi1 (1:1000, 66161-1-Ig, Proteintech, China), Epcam (1:1000, 66316-1-Ig, Proteintech, China), ALDH1A1 (1:500, 15910-1-AP, Proteintech, China), AKT1 (1:5000, 60203-2-Ig, Proteintech, China), c-myc (1:5000, 67447-1-Ig, Proteintech, China), LaminA/C(1:5000, 10298-1-AP, Proteintech, China), and SOX9 (1:2000, 67439-1-Ig, Proteintech, China). After incubation with the primary antibodies at 4 °C overnight, the PVDF membrane was incubated with the corresponding goat anti-mouse or goat anti-rabbit antibody. All experiments were performed in triplicate.