Statistical analysis

All statistical analyses used individual data in Artificial Units. Artificial Units were the ratio of Optical Density (O.D.) 450 nm in samples and the upper 95% Confidence Interval of O.D. from negative control samples in each assay. The authors performed a comparison between quantitative values by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), using all groups together, with homogeneity of variances checks and Bonferroni multiple comparison post-test. Comparisons were considered significant when the probability of equality was less than 5% (p < 0.05). All statistical calculations were performed using GraphPad Prism 7.0.