RAW264.7 cells (2.5 × 105 cells/well) were seeded in a 6-well plate overnight prior to respective treatments for 72 h. Cell culture media were collected for cytokine quantification. Concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by using ELISA (ELISAmax™ kit; Biolegend) according to the manufacturer’s protocols. The number of cytokines was calculated from standards provided by the manufacturer. Appropriate dilutions of samples were performed as per the manufacturer’s recommendations.
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