The Similarities and Matrix Reasoning subtests were selected from the WISC-IV(HK)47, which is a locally adapted intelligence scale with good reliability (rs ≥ 0.9) and validity (correlation among subtests ranges from 0.72 to 0.92). In the Similarities subtest, the participants were required to name the shared characteristics between two verbal concepts. In the Matrix Reasoning subtest, the participants were required to solve visual-spatial problems through analogical reasoning. The scaled scores of the two subtests were used to estimate the full scale IQ of participants based on the formula suggested by Aubry and Bourdin48. This formula yields a reliability of 0.88 and a convergent validity of 0.79.
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