2.7. Ovariectomy (OVX)‐induced osteoporosis mouse model

All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University (Approval No: IACUC‐F3‐19‐0406) and were performed according to the EU Directive 2010/63/EU. C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: sham (n = 6), OVX (n = 4, two mice died after operation), OVX+Galantamine (n = 6), OVX+ Donepezil (n = 6) and OVX+Rivastigmine (n = 6). Bilateral ovariectomies were performed to induce osteoporosis under anesthesia with 10% pentobarbital sodium. For the sham group, ovaries were only exteriorized but not resected. All mice had 5 days of recovery after the surgeries, then an intraperitoneal injection of AChEIs (Galantamine 1 mg/kg, Donepezil 1 mg/kg and Rivastigmine 2.5 mg/kg, every 2 days for a total of 6 weeks) were performed in the OVX + AChEI group. The sham and OVX group mice were intraperitoneally injected with PBS as vehicle control.