Network Measures

We used the brain connectivity toolbox (http://www.brain-connectivity-toolbox.net) to compute graph-theoretical measures. We calculated the following 4 global network measures: density, total network strength, local, and global efficiency. Efficiency between 2 regions is expressed as the inverse of the shortest path length between 2 regions. The shortest path length refers to the minimum number of weighted connections between 2 regions. Global efficiency is defined as the average efficiency for all node pairs, reflecting the extent to which information communication is globally integrated in the network (34). Because the network parameters are highly correlated with each other, we used the global efficiency as a marker of the network disruption, as applied in other studies (35).