Protein extraction and analysis

Protein was extracted from the clinical samples by slightly mincing the tissue using a surgical knife and then adding TRAPeze^® 1X CHAPS Lysis Buffer (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The samples were incubated on ice and placed on a shaker for 30 min. For the cells collected from in vitro studies, TRAPeze^® 1X CHAPS Lysis Buffer was added, and samples were incubated on ice for 30 min with frequent vortexing. The samples were then centrifuged at 14000 rpm for 30 min. The supernatant, which consisted of proteins, was carefully extracted. Nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins were separated, and extracted using abcam nuclear extraction kit (ab113474, abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) following the manufacturer's instructions. Protein estimation was done using the Thermo Scientific™ Pierce™ BCA™ Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) following the manufacturer's protocol.