Measures

The Vitality study collected descriptive and demographic variables, including age, body mass index, biological sex, educational status, and stroke type. Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination,²⁴ and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.²⁵ Comorbidity impact was assessed with the Functional Comorbidity Index,²⁶ and motor impairment levels were assessed using the Fugl Meyer Total Motor score.²⁷

Secondary outcome measures included depression (assessed using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale²⁸), general mobility and balance (assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery²⁹), and instrumental activities of daily living (assessed using the Lawton and Brody instrumental activities of daily living scale³⁰). These are reported as baseline descriptive measures in this study.