Mice were subjected to the Morris water maze test to assess their performance of spatial learning and memory25,61. The water maze was a circular plastic pool (120 cm diameter) and filled with murky water (21.0±1.0 °C). A cylindrical escape platform (15 cm diameter) stood 0.5 cm under the water surface. Three hours after the 30th compound treatment, the mice were allowed the first training to swim and find the hidden escape platform in the water with three repeats per training. Thereafter, they daily tried the task on the next 4 consecutive days. Three hours after the final escape test, the platform was removed, and the mice exercised a probe trial for 60 s. The animal performance was traced with SMART Video Tracking System (Harvard Apparatus, Holliston, MA, USA).
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