Supplemental Data

The following supplemental materials are available.

Supplemental Figure S1. Soil water potential measured by tensiometers in field studies at the soil depth of 30 cm.

Supplemental Figure S2. Functional comparison of the parents with the root-plastic, yield-stable genotypes in the field physiology study.

Supplemental Figure S3. Cumulative water uptake in the lysimeter experiment for the genotypes showing highest yield stability across field studies.

Supplemental Table S1. Mean values of all genotypes and significance levels of genotypes for each treatment for root, shoot, and water-uptake traits in the greenhouse lysimeter study.

Supplemental Table S2. Field trial means for grain yield, days to flowering, and plant height as well as the stress classification based on trial grain yield means.

Supplemental Table S3. Root, shoot, and water-uptake traits measured in the field physiology experiment.

Supplemental Table S4. Mean values of all genotypes and significance levels of the treatment effect on different root and shoot traits in the Rhizoscope experiment.

Supplemental Table S5. Correlation matrix of root architectural plasticity traits measured in the Aus 276 population in the field physiology study.

Supplemental Table S6. Correlation matrix of root architectural plasticity traits measured in the Aus 276 population in the lysimeter study.

Supplemental Table S7. Correlation matrix of root architectural plasticity traits measured in the Aus 276 population in the Rhizoscope study.

Supplemental Table S8. Correlation matrix of root architectural plasticity traits measured in the Kali Aus population in the field physiology study.

Supplemental Table S9. Correlation matrix of root architectural plasticity traits measured in the Kali Aus population in the lysimeter study.

Supplemental Table S10. Correlation matrix of root architectural plasticity traits measured in the Kali Aus population in the Rhizoscope study.

Supplemental Table S11. Correlations of plasticity in RDW among the field, lysimeter, and Rhizoscope studies.

Supplemental Table S12. Grain yield stability in the Aus 276 and Kali Aus populations across experiments, according to the analyses showing the best-fitting variance-covariance structure according to the Akaike information criterion.

Supplemental Table S13. Days to 50% flowering in the yield-stable, root-plastic genotypes and the parents in field agronomic trials.

Supplemental Table S14. Significant loci identified for different traits under different lysimeter treatments in the Aus 276 population.

Supplemental Table S15. Significant loci identified for different traits under field conditions in the Aus 276 population.

Supplemental Table S16. Significant loci identified for different traits under different lysimeter treatments in the Kali Aus population.

Supplemental Table S17. Significant loci identified for different traits under field conditions in the Kali Aus population.

Supplemental Table S18. Composition of the modified Yoshida nutrient solutions used in the Rhizoscope study.