Dimethyl sulfate footprinting experiments were performed according to the protocol developed by Tan et al.58 10 picomoles of FAM-labeled CBA-0 or CBA-1 in 200 µL volume were mixed with 4 µL of 10% (v/v) dimethyl sulfate (DMS) in ethanol and incubated for 2 min at room temperature. The reaction was stopped by addition of 200 µL of stop buffer (0.6 M NaOAc, 0.1 M β-mercaptoethanol, 20 µg sperm DNA). After phenol/chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation, the DNA was dissolved in 50 µL of water. Thereafter, 50 µL of 20% (v/v) piperidine in water was added and the samples were heated at 90 °C for 30 min, followed by phenol/chloroform extraction and ethanol precipitation. The precipitated DNA was dissolved in 50% (v/v) deionized formamide in water, denatured at 95 °C for 5 min and resolved on a denaturing 12% polyacrylamide gel.
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