The purpose of the present systematic review was to analyze the most recent and representative information on studies evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of NP-mediated hyperthermia in the treatment of various gastrointestinal cancers. This review was conducted following the criteria set out in the PRISMA guidelines [26]. To this end, only studies from the last 10 years were considered, deeming older ones obsolete. According to the Burton–Kebler index for obsolescence [27], more than half of the publications on this subject were included.
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