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Exposure variable

SM Shamsudeen Mohammed
EW Emily L. Webb
CC Clara Calvert
JG Judith R. Glynn
BS Bindu S. Sunny
AC Amelia C. Crampin
EM Estelle McLean
SM Shekinah Munthali-Mkandawire
AD Albert Lazarous Nkhata Dube
FK Fredrick Kalobekamo
MM Milly Marston
LO Laura L. Oakley
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Exclusive breastfeeding in the first 6 months after birth is the main exposure. Mothers reported information on breastfeeding and other infant feeding practices at baseline when the children were 0–3 months old and at follow-up when the average age of children was 12 months (SD = 0.03 months). Mothers were asked if the child was breastfeeding and how old the child was when other kinds of milk, formula, water, solid foods, and other foods were introduced. We defined exclusive breastfeeding as feeding a child with only breastmilk in the first 6 months after birth. The duration of exclusive breastfeeding was categorised into 0–2 months, 3–5 months, and 6 months. We excluded from the analysis the few children (n = 32, 3.1%) who were exclusively breastfed for longer than the recommended 6 months.

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