All adult patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay, were diagnosed with pneumonia, and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and ventilated between March 1, 2020, and November 30, 2021, were included. Ventilator management was started for patients in whom SpO2 was < 93% or PaO2 was < 60 mmHg even after the administration of 10 L of oxygen through a reservoir mask in accordance with the clinical practice guideline [11]. Comparisons were made between patients who developed ALS and those who did not. Patients with the following conditions were excluded: cardiopulmonary arrest at presentation, ALS at presentation, and missing data such as patient demographics and ventilator measurements.
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