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XC Xiao-Feng Cheng
KW Kuo Wang
HZ Hai-Tao Zhang
HZ He Zhang
XJ Xin-Yi Jiang
LL Li-Chong Lu
CC Cheng Chen
YC Yong-Qing Cheng
DW Dong-Jin Wang
KL Kai Li
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Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS statistical software (Statistics for Windows, version 25, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA). Continuous variables are presented as mean ± SD or median with interquartile ranges (IQR). Discrete variables are depicted as frequencies (n, %). Normally distributed continuous variables were evaluated using Student’s t-test. The Mann − Whitney U nonparametric method was used for non-normally distributed continuous variables and the Shapiro − Wilk test for normally distributed continuous variables. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Covariates reaching statistical significance (P ≤ 0.10) in the univariate analysis and those considered clinically relevant were entered into a forward selection multivariable logistic regression model. Then, for each multivariable logistic model, collinearity and calibration were assessed by the value of variance inflation factor (VIF) and Hosmer − Lemeshow test. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

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