At-Point CFS

The at-point CFS measurement for inpatients was performed by experienced geriatric nurses on the day after admission to the geriatric department. In the emergency room, the at-point CFS was measured by emergency room nurses. We used the Korean-translated version of the CFS 2.0 and a classification tree with established construct validity in the Korean geriatric outpatients²¹) and accuracy for predicting adverse outcomes in hospitalized older patients.²²) The Korean-translated version of the CFS 2.0 and classification tree are described in Supplementary Figs. S1 and S2, respectively.