Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).

The U.S. parent version of the SDQ (Goodman, 1997; 2001) was used to measure the targets CG’s ID and ED as reported by CGM. The SDQ contains 25 items divided equally among five scales: emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer problems, and prosocial behavior. The CGMs rated each item concerning the target CG along a 3-point scale from 0, not true, to 2, certainly true. Scores for each of the four problem-oriented scales were calculated by summing across the five-items belonging to each scale with potential scale scores ranging from 0–10. Key psychometric properties of the SDQ parent-version have been found to be strong among NHIS samples (Bourdon et al., 2005), CG (Palmieri & Smith, 2007), and for children in general across ages 4–12 (Stone et al., 2010). Alphas for the present sample are reported below.