Quantification and statistical analysis

All analyses were conducted with data from three independent experiments. For survival curves, pairwise comparisons of each experimental group with its control were carried out using a log-rank (Mantel–Cox) test. For climbing experiments, a Student t test was used to measure the statistical significance (Scale bar, 100 mm ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001). Data from quantitative real-time PCR was analyzed with gene specific primers in duplicates, with at least three independent experiments for both test and control treatments. Fold changes were calculated with the 2^-ΔΔC_T method using Ribosomal protein L32 (RpL32), also known as rp49, as a housekeeping gene.^67,68 All error bars represent standard error of mean. GraphPad Prism software was used for statistical analysis.