Precautionary Behavior Compliance

Precautionary behavior compliance was defined as whether personal quarantine rules (eg, wearing a mask indoors, wearing a mask outdoors) and social distancing rules (eg, maintaining a healthy distance) were observed for the past week with the intention of helping to prevent the spread of COVID-19. According to a previous study [37], eight factors were used to evaluate precautionary behavior compliance as follows: in the last 7 days, had the individual (1) covered his or her mouth and nose while sneezing or coughing, (2) experienced daily ventilation at least twice a day, (3) had everyday spaces disinfected once per day, (4) wore a mask in facilities used by unspecified people, (5) worn a mask when it was impossible to keep an adequate distance, (6) maintained a 2-meter distance between themselves and others, (7) limited visiting sick people, and (8) limited going out or attending gatherings and events? Based on the KCHS’s indicator definition, for each of the eight items, only those who answered “very much” or “yes” were considered to have complied with each precautionary behavior. For example, only the respondents who answered “very much” or “yes” to the question “covered his or her mouth and nose while sneezing or coughing” were considered to have performed precautionary behavior.