2.1. Test Materials and Mix Proportion

The concrete mixtures used in the large-scale model test include Portland cement, potable water, coarse aggregates, fine aggregates and admixture. The material properties of each mixture were shown in Table 1. Physical and mechanical properties of Portland cement were listed in Table 2. Potable water was selected, quality of which was shown in Table 3, and the water-cement ratio was 0.53. Considering the potable water contains a very small amount of impurities, it has no bad effect on the performance of concrete, so the negative influence of water quality can be excluded when conducting the model tests on water pressure resistance of tunnel lining. The mix ratios of concrete were listed in Table 4.

Concrete mixture for large-scale model test.

Physical and mechanical properties of Portland cement.

The quality test of potable water.

Mix identifications and ratios of cubic specimens.