Following the manufacturer’s instructions, a dual-luciferase reporter assay (Promega) was used to detect the firefly luciferase and renilla luciferase signals. Briefly, MKN-45 and BGC-823 cells were seeded overnight in 24-well plates and co-transfected with Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) using 0.5 μg of the overexpression vector, 0.5 μg of the HNF1A-AS1 promoter-luciferase reporter plasmid, and 0.01 μg of pRL-TK plasmid. Internal control was implemented using PRL-TK. After approximately 48 h of transfection, the luciferase activity of the cells was determined using a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. Relative fluorescence values were expressed as firefly fluorescence values over renilla fluorescence values.
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