Immunohistochemistry

Immunohistochemical staining was performed semi-automatically on TMAs using a DISCOVERY XT/ULTRA autostainer (Ventana Medical Systems, Inc., Tucson, Arizona, USA). The following antibodies were used at dilutions previously tested on normal tissue: AHRR (1:3000, Abcam, Ref. No ab108518), COL5A2 (1:100, Sigma-Aldrich, Ref. No SAB4500385), FABP4 (1:1500, Abcam, Ref. No. ab92501), HMGCS2 (1:200, Abcam, Ref. No. ab137043), ITGA5 (1:600, Abcam, Ref. No. ab112183), SFRP2 (1:25, Abcam, ab92667), WNT9B (1:500, Abcam, Ref. No. ab151220). Positive and negative control tissues for antibody establishment were selected based on the manufacturer’s instructions and the Human Protein Atlas [17] (Supplementary Table 3). Universal negative controls of all TMAs were generated by omitting the primary antibody. If samples showed positivity (H-score ≥ 20, Supplementary Table 4), the affected samples were revised and excluded from all analyses. The stained TMAs were digitalised using the Pannoramic Slide Scanner (3D Histech, Budapest, Hungary).