2.7. RNA isolation and quantitative real-time PCR

TRIzol (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA) was used to extract total RNA from tissues or cells. For mRNA, cDNA was obtained using HiScript Q RT SuperMix for qPCR (Vazyme Biotech, Nanjing, China) and RT-qPCR detection was conducted using ChamQ Universal SYBR qPCR Master Mix (Vazyme Biotech, Nanjing, China). DJ-1 expression was normalized to that of GAPDH. For miRNA, cDNA was reversed by miRNA 1st Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (by stem-loop) and RT-qPCR detection was performed using miRNA Universal SYBR qPCR Master Mix (Vazyme Biotech, Nanjing, China) on a MyiQ Single-Color Real-Time PCR Detection System (Roche, Mannheim, Germany). The expression of miR-3919 was normalized to that of U6. Results were calculated using the 2^−ΔΔCt method. The primer sequences are listed in Table 1 .

Primers sequences.