Adult male C57BL/6 mice (18–20 g) of specific pathogen-free (SPF) grade were obtained from Hunan SJA Laboratory Animal Co. Ltd. (Hunan, China). The mice were housed in a quiet, antigen‑free environment with free access to food and water, and were maintained on a 12 h light-dark cycle.
PZQ was purchased from Jianglai Biotechnology Co. Ltd. To prepare PZQ injection, we dissolved 100 mg PZQ in 1 ml dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), added 7 ml polyethylene glycol (PEG), and mixed the solution thoroughly. The mixture remained stable at room temperature without color or sediment formation changes. Before injection, the solution was diluted with 12 ml normal saline (NS) (DMSO: PEG: NS = 1:7:12, final PZQ concentration: 5 mg/ml).
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