Sample size calculation was based on the results (δ= 4.1, σ = 6.1) of our previous study exploring the effect of TOLF exercise on the number of lymphedema symptoms (16). The formula for comparing the difference between two means (two-sample t-test) was used: and resulted in that a minimum sample size of 36 patients per group were needed with an α of 0.05 and a β of 0.8. Thus, we aimed to recruit a final sample of no less than 90 participants considering a 20% potential dropout rate.
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