Literature Search

A systematic literature review was conducted to identify relevant studies. The review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines [5]. A literature search was conducted in PubMed from January 2017 to September 2021. Abstracts from relevant 2021 cataract and ophthalmology congresses (American Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgery, ASCRS; European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons, ESCRS; Asia Pacific Association of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons, APACRS; American Academy of Ophthalmology, AAO; Asia Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology, APAO) were also searched to include data from completed studies not yet published. Relevant search terms included the intervention (TFNTXX, TFATXX, PanOptix) and outcomes of interest (patient-reported spectacle independence rates). The target population was patients requiring cataract surgery who were implanted bilaterally with the TFNTXX/TFATXX trifocal IOL, without geographical restriction. Randomized and observational clinical studies that reported spectacle independence rates at a postsurgery follow-up of at least 1 month were included. For the studies that reported results with both bilateral and unilateral implantation of TFNTXX/TFATXX, only the results pertaining to those patients implanted bilaterally were included. The inclusion and exclusion criteria are detailed in Table ​Table11.

Literature review inclusion and exclusion criteria

Patients requiring cataract surgery

No geographical restriction

Complete spectacle independence (base-case analysis)

Spectacle independence for far, intermediate, and near vision (subgroup analyses)

IOL intraocular lens