We conducted an online questionnaire survey (a web-based platform, https://www.wjx.cn/app/survey.aspx) from April 21st to April
28th, 2020, during the COVID-19 lockdown in China. This study focused on parents
of children aged below 10 years. We selected regions in order to increase the
diversity of the sample on demographic characteristics more generally: Hubei
Province (the province most affected by the epidemic), its neighboring province
Henan, and Guangdong Province in southern China, other provinces. Convenient and
cluster sampling methods were used to choose participants from the selected
sites. The convenience sampling method was used to choose primary schools.
Participants were chosen from those schools through the cluster sampling method.
Then, all students and their parents in each grade of the selected schools
contributed to a survey pool. Headteachers helped to distribute the online
questionnaires to all parents of students. Participants were apprised of the
anonymity and voluntary nature of the self-report survey. After learning the
study’s objectives and contents at the first page of online questionnaires, they
could choose to complete this survey voluntarily and quit at any time.
Participants received a small gift (i.e., 1–3 RMB) as a token of appreciation
after the questionnaire was completed. All participants joined the study
voluntarily and gave consent electronically after being informed about the aim
of the survey. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking
University Medical Center.
Copyright and License information: The Author(s) ©2023 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for
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the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in
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Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which
permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without
further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified
on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
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