2.2.3. Lateral Flow Antigen (LFA) Test

The approved rapid antigen diagnostic test used in Nepal is the protein-based LFA test. A nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab is collected from the posterior pharynx and tonsillar areas using a mini-tip swab with a flexible shaft. The test uses a lateral flow assay principle, and the result can be obtained after 15–30 min, based on the manufacturing type.

LFA test kits are mainly supplied by the management division of the Department of Health Services to provincial offices, which, in turn, supply the test kits to the district health offices. From district health offices, the test kits are then distributed to POE. In addition, district health offices and local municipality offices can also purchase and supply test kits to the POE. Only those LFA test kits which are approved and listed by the national public health laboratory can be procured [15]. The LFA test is offered free of charge for all travelers. However, there is no system in place to ensure regular and adequate supply of the test kits to the POE