2.6. Statistical Analysis

The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the polymorphisms were estimated by direct counting, and the significance of the differences between the studied groups was calculated using the χ2 (Chi-square) test, Fisher’s exact test, and G test. Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was calculated to evaluate whether the distributions of observed genotypic frequencies were in accordance with expectations. The distribution of proviral load and cytokine levels were evaluated using the Shapiro–Wilk test. The test indicated that the data did not follow a normal distribution; therefore, the analyses used non-parametric tests. The dosage of proviral load was evaluated using the Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The concentration of cytokines was analyzed by the Mann–Whitney test. All tests were performed using BioEstat 5.3 and GraphPad Prism 5.0 software, and p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant.