Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)

BDI-II, is a widely used psychometric instrument in clinical practice for the capacity to discriminate between depressed and non-depressed subjects and measure the severity of depression with high reliability.^24,25 A total of 21 questions in the inventory, and each question has 4 options, these 4 options represent 0–3 points respectively, and the score range is 0–63. The higher the score, the higher the possibility of indicating depression or severity, and depression severity is mainly based on the score range, 0 to 9 indicates minimal depression, 10 to 18 indicates mild depression, 19 to 29 indicates moderate depression, and 30 to 63 indicates severe depression.